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Terrain & Vegetation

Census 2011

Mandal wise tribal population

  • As per 2011 Census, the population of the 8 Mandals included in Amrabad Tiger Reserve is 3.89 Lakhs
  • SC population is 0.707 Lakhs representing 18.17%
  • ST population is 1.16 Lakhs representing 29.8%
  • Others is 2.02 Lakhs representing 51.9%

AMRABAD TIGER RESERVE

A SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTHS

  • Existing area is a good habitat for Tiger, Co-predator and prey.
  • Deployment of local Chenchu tribal as base camp protection watchers and tiger trackers for wildlife monitoring
  • Good source population of tiger
  • Rough terrain, mostly undulating to prevent any possible poaching and making areas inaccessible to humans.

WEAKNESSES

  • Anthropogenic pressures from large number of villages in the neighborhood and high level of dependency on the tiger habitat.
  • High pilgrimages pressure during Mahasivarathri, Chaitra Pournami and Ugadi and Tholi Ekadashi presence of historical places.
  • Cattle grazing.

OPPURTUNITIES

  • Settlement of chenchus hamlets helps in monitoring any outside intrusion into tiger reserve

THREATS

  • Attempts of Poaching, smuggling activities & Biotic pressure from human and the cattle, invasion of weeds mainly lantana, migratory sheep, State National highway to Srisailam, Passing of power lines, fishing in Krishna River,
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DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE

TIGER / PREDATOR

  • In 2010 Tiger population was estimated in erstwhile N.S.T.R under Phase-III monitoring protocol and the range was concluded at 53-67. Again in the early 2014 Tiger population was estimated by using phase –IV protocol of NTCA.
  • The trend of Tiger distribution in erstwhile N.S.T.R is shown in table below.
  • As per the last census the Tiger population in the Amrabad Tiger Reserve is 18 numbers found mostly in Farhabad plateau of Achampet division.

PREY

  • Among the herbivores the Sambar and Chital are the dominant species followed by Nilgai and Fourhorned Antilope.
  • Chowsingha an endangered species is found in small numbers in many parts of AMRABAD Tiger Reserve. The Sambar is found in the hilly and relatively less disturbed areas of Protected Area.

Amrabad Tiger Reserve

Carrying capacity of Tigers

There is a linear relationship between the biomass of preferred prey species of predators like leopard and tiger and the biomass of prey in the preferred weight range of predator. The relationship predicts that several predators exceed the carrying capacity.

The carrying capacity of tigers in Amrabad Tiger Reserve is estimated as follows :

  • Preferred prey biomass= 556.2(+_192.6) Kg/sqkm
  • Predicted Tiger Density= 6.42+_1.005/100sqkm (5-7)
  • Current tiger density= 1.50 +_0.27/100sqkm

Ecotourism in Amrabad Tiger Reserve

  • Farahabad View Point
  • Octopus View Point
  • Mallellathirtham water falls
  • Umamaheshwaram Temple
  • Maddimadugu Temple
  • Prathaparudhuni Kota
  • Gunapenta (Krishna river boating implementing)

importance

  • Kadalivanam & Akkamahadevi caves - Great religious significance, mentioned in various ancient texts - Skanda Purana, Shiva Bhaktha vijayam and other Hindu texts related to Lord Shiva.
  • As per legends, ardent devotees of Lord Shiva like Akka Mahadevi and Allama Prabhu have meditated at this place.
  • Incarnation of Guru Dattatreya Swamy also took leave of this world at this place. He was said to have disappeared after coming here.
  • Akka Mahadevi - prominent figure of the Veerashiva Bhaktimovement of the 12th Century Karnataka did penance in this cave and worshiped the Sivalinga that naturally existed in the deep and dark end of the cave.
  • Her Vachanas in Kannada are considered as greatest contribution to Kannada bhakti literature.
  • A large number of pilgrim’s from Telangana, Karnataka, Maharastra visit all round the year. On an average about 2.50 Lakh tourists to visit every year.
  • The tourists visit Akkamahadevi, Kadalivanam & Dattapadukalu which involves lot of trek.

Amrabad Tiger Reserve

problems

  • Unregulated / unauthorized entry of the tourists.
  • The tour operators from Maharastra, Karnataka and other States are not known to the Forest Department.
  • Large groups of tourists at a time varying from 300 to 1500.
  • Most of the times enter from Srisailam side without permission.
  • On an average @ 3.00 Lakh devotees visit per year.
  • Involves travel by boat from Srisailam side - followed by trek of 22 Kms to reach Akkamahadevi and Dattapadukalu/ 03 days tour inside forest.
  • Night stay of 300 to 500 visitors at Akkamahadevi caves.
  • One private person is operating the tour unofficially / unauthorizedly who arranges the boats, food and local youth to carry their luggage during trek.
  • Lot of garbage / eatable items / plastic along the route and at main sites.
  • Movement of people in core area in large groups.
  • Lighting of fire for cooking and to clear the pathways / trek route.

IMPACT ON FOREST & WILDLIFE

  • Disturbance to wildlife.
  • Destruction / damage of wildlife habitat.
  • Fire
  • Garbage all along the route – Wildlife feeding on the same.
  • Effect on wildlife monitoring and census

Gallery

Vegetation Caves

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